Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)

Multiple System Atrophy Physiotherapy Treatment Adelaide 

Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare progressive neurological condition that affects several areas of the nervous system, including the parts of the brain responsible for movement and the autonomic nervous system.

The autonomic nervous system controls automatic body functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, sweating and bladder function. As MSA affects these systems, people may experience a combination of movement difficulties, balance problems, dizziness, bladder changes, sleep disturbances and challenges with everyday activities.

The cause of MSA is currently unknown. It is usually classified into two main types depending on the symptoms that are most prominent:

MSA-P (Parkinsonian type)

MSA-P is the most common form of MSA and primarily affects movement. Symptoms can include:

• Slowness of movement.
• Muscle stiffness (rigidity).
• Tremor.
• Changes in walking, including shuffling steps and increased falls risk.
• Difficulty with everyday movements.

MSA-C (Cerebellar type)

MSA-C primarily affects the cerebellum, the area of the brain involved in coordination and balance. Symptoms may include:

• Reduced coordination of walking and hand movements.
• Balance difficulties.
• Changes in speech.
• Difficulties with eye movements.

Autonomic Dysfunction in MSA

Many people with MSA experience symptoms related to autonomic dysfunction, which can affect the body’s ability to regulate automatic functions. These may include:

• Low blood pressure when standing (orthostatic hypotension), causing dizziness or fainting.
• Bladder or bowel changes.
• Constipation.
• Changes in sweating and heat regulation.
• Sleep disturbances.

How can physiotherapy help with Multiple System Atrophy?

Neurological physiotherapy is an important part of multidisciplinary care for people living with Multiple System Atrophy. While physiotherapy cannot stop disease progression, it can help people maintain mobility, manage symptoms and maximise independence.

At Advanced Neuro Rehab, we provide personalised rehabilitation programs designed around each person’s symptoms, goals and stage of the condition.

Physiotherapy may include:

• Balance and falls prevention training to improve safety and confidence.
• Movement retraining to support walking, transfers and everyday activities.
• Strength and fitness exercises to maintain physical capacity and reduce the impact of inactivity.
• Flexibility and mobility strategies to manage stiffness and maintain movement.
• Education and strategies for managing fatigue, dizziness and changes in mobility.
• Advice regarding equipment and mobility aids when required.

We can also provide education and practical strategies for families and carers, including safe assistance with transfers, positioning and mobility at home.

People with MSA can experience changes in swallowing, breathing, blood pressure regulation and fatigue, which may increase health risks and impact independence. Working closely with your medical and allied health team allows rehabilitation strategies to be adapted as your needs change.

Having a proactive and individualised neurological physiotherapy plan can help people with MSA remain as active, safe and independent as possible throughout the progression of the condition.

Frequently Asked Questions About Multiple System Atrophy

Can physiotherapy help with Multiple System Atrophy?

Yes. Physiotherapy can help people with MSA manage movement difficulties, balance problems, falls risk, weakness and fatigue. Treatment focuses on maintaining independence, safety and quality of life.

Does Multiple System Atrophy affect walking?

Yes. MSA can affect walking through changes in balance, coordination, stiffness, weakness and automatic body functions such as blood pressure regulation. Physiotherapy can help optimise walking ability and develop strategies to improve safety.

Why do people with MSA feel dizzy when standing?

Many people with MSA experience autonomic dysfunction, which can affect blood pressure control. A drop in blood pressure when standing (orthostatic hypotension) can cause dizziness, light-headedness or fainting.

What exercises are recommended for Multiple System Atrophy?

Exercise programs for MSA should be individually tailored. They may include balance training, strengthening exercises, walking practice, cardiovascular fitness and mobility exercises to support function and independence.

How can physiotherapy help prevent falls in MSA?

Physiotherapy can assess factors contributing to falls and provide strategies to improve balance, walking safety, strength and confidence. Advice about mobility aids and home modifications may also be provided when needed.

When should someone with MSA see a physiotherapist?

A neurological physiotherapy assessment can be helpful early after diagnosis and throughout the condition as symptoms change. Ongoing rehabilitation can help adapt strategies to maintain mobility and independence.